What is it about calamities that befall others which makes us think whether what those poor souls are going through are the consequences of their bad behaviours and bad decision making?
We are a creation of cause of consequence. Being given the ability to think (akal), we want to find reasons behind everything that happens around us even though the amount of knowledge that we have about the world around us is limited. We only know what we only know, might just be a nano-drop from a drop of water in the vast sea of knowledge.
When a natural disaster (which is always beyond out control) happens, it saddens me when I hear people say "oh, those people had it coming, they've been doing mungkar things all these while".
Hold on to your horses for a while and get down from that high riding horse.
First off, let the judgment be done by The Almighty.
Secondly (this is my main point):
Sometimes we do not know whether the adversities or hardship that we are going through is a test or a punishment from Allah SWT?
It is an interesting point brought up during one of Q&A session in one of Yasmin Mogahed's podcast session/talk (can't remember which one, but anyways..) according to her explanations, the way to know which is which is by looking at the outcome of what you've become after all of it.
- A Punishment from Allah SWT:
If the tribulations that happen to you takes you away from the rememberance of Allah SWT. - A Test from Allah SWT:
If the tribulations that happen to you brings you closer to Allah SWT. You will be rewarded for being patient.
Allah knows best.
I also found another interesting post here: http://islamqa.info/en/324
Punishments are what happen to people in return for their evil deeds. Trials are tests which are sent to try people, and people may be tested by good things or by bad.Concerning punishments, Allah says (interpretation of the meaning):“Whatever of good reaches you, is from Allah, but whatever of evil befalls you, is from yourself…”[al-Nisa 4:79]Concerning trials, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “If Allah loves a people, He tries them, and whoever has patience will have patience, and whoever is anxiouswill be anxious.” (Reported by al-Imam Ahmad; Saheeh al-Jami’, 1706).The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) also said: “The extent of the reward will be in accordance with the extent of the trial. If Allah loves a people, He tries them, and whoever is content will have contentment, and whoever is angry will have anger.” (Reported by al-Tirmidhi, 2320; Saheeh al-Jami’, 2210).






